Type-writing machine.



No. 888,457. PATENTEDMAY 26, 1908.

C. A. BENNETT. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6, 1907.

\ IIO TATBNTED MAY 28, 1908. `C. A. BENNETT. TYPE WRITING- MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6,1907.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED MAY 26, 19.08.

G. A. BENNETT.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

PPL A IGATION lILBD SEPT 6 1907 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

@mM/weas ce No. 888,457.- FALIJTEE MAY 26, 1908. G.. A. BENNETTe TYPE WRITING MAGHIB,

PLI AP OATION IILED SEPT 6,190/ SHBETS SHEET nnrrnn sfra'rns CHARLES ALMON BENNETT, OF DOVER, NEW JERSEY.

TYPE-WRITING IIIACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2e, 190e.

Application filed September 6, 1907. Serial No. 391,664.

To ali whom' it may concern.:

p Be it known that I, CHAaLEs ALMoN BEN- NETT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dover, county of Morris, and State of New Jersey; have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to typewriting machines.

Among the main objects is to provide a simple construction includin" many improvements in that type of a machine which is embraced in very small compass so that it may be conveniently transported but which nevertheless is so designed as to embody practically all the advantages of the larger,

igh priced, standard machines.

Many of the advantages which this ymachine affords will be understood upon reading the following description.

nthe drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine complete; Fig. 2 is a plan view with certain parts removed and showing the remaining parts as they appear in their idle' position; Fi 3 is a similarview showing the position of t e parts as they appear when a certain key has been depressed so as to pro ject the typo wheel into position to print a certain letter; Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section through the center of the machine; Fig. 5 is a vieW of the under side of one bank o'f keys; Fig. 6 is a side elevation partly in section,of, the parts shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 shows a single group of keys separated; F ig. 8 is a cross-section of the type-wheel and related parts, the section being in a plane at right angles to the section o f Fig. Il.

a' is a rectangular base-plate.

a is a back-plate.

a2 a2 are end-plates.

as is a top-plate detachably secured at its ends to lates a2.

b is t e carriage slidable in a guide-way,

formed in art by back-plate a/ and rails a4. f

b 1s a ro ler-platen. b is a paper-guide.

b is a scale.

b* is a feed-rack.

b is a hand-wheel at one end of the roller b c is a reciprocating type wheel carrier mounted to slide transversely of the frame a in suitable guideways c.

c2 is an arbor on slide c arranged to support pinion c3. With the assistance of said pinion lthe arbor also supports type-wheel ci.

c4 are pins on pinion cis which cause the type-wheel to rotate with said pinion.

c is a cross-guide on slide c in turn carrying a slidable stop-rack c7 meshing with pinion c.

The type-wheel c5 is provided with circumferential rows of type, the upper row furnishina lower-case letters; thecentral row capital letters, and the lower row 'figures and miscellaneous characters. Suitable shift mechanism for raising the type Wheel@5 to present the desired row consists of a rock shaft f, having crank-arms f, f2. The arm f projects under type-wheel e", while the arm f is supported by the forward end of a tilting lev er j, which has two finger-piecesf and f 5 so arranged that when the latter is depressed the ty e-wheel will be lifted half way and when t 1e former is depressed the type-wheel will bc lifted to its highest operative position.

gis an oscillator pivoted at :t on slide c and in the form oi a three-armed lever, the long arm having a segmental rack g meshing at all times With pinion c3.

g2, g2 are the short arms and these nor mally bear on the block w. t two different points away from the pivot a; each short arm g2 is provided with link connections of unique construction.

g is a link pivoted at g".

g5 is one art of a toggle link pivoted at g to the osci ator. As shown the point gu 1:5 farther from axis r of the oscillator than the point g4, and these three points are arranged out of line.

g7 is the second member oi' the toggle link, the same being pivoted to the base a.

gs is a link pivoted about midway in the toggle link member g5.

g is a bridging beam connecting the links gaand gs.

glo is a sprin -pressed lever pivoted at g, and engagin t e bridging beam g, or some part oi the linkage on one side of the machine.

g12 is an equalizer beam pivgpted midway of its length to a suitable part ofthe frame, so as to have a rocking movement.

g13 is the spring which operates the beam 91, and linkage, said s ring being connected its other end it bears in one of several notches i longer bell icrank arms of the key roups.

When a key is depressed the longer bel crank in the beam 1. By shifting the position of the latter en Y of the spring from one notch to another, the pressure upon the lever glo may be varied.

Having described the system of linkage on one side of the machine, it is to be understood that a corresponding system is provided on the opposite side, so that through the medium of y under side of the carriage in such a manner that upon each forward movement of the slide c, the platen-carriage will be pushed to the left onev step for word or letter spacing.

The key-board of the machine may be said to be made up of two banks, located on opposite sides of the oscillator. A description of the keys on one side will be suflicient.

k is a pivotal support carried b suitable bearing lugs, depending from the p ate a3.

The key levers are divided into banks and each bank into relatively subordinate groups with the members of each group arranged in line extending depth-wise of the machine. `The key-levers of one group are best seen in Ul t:

y: hner key pieces is depressed, those key-piece rms underlying the same, will also be depressed. One of the key pieces of each group provided with an offset clip le, presenting an inclined face arranged to receive the notched rear edges of the bell-crank extensions of the other key pieces in the same group. The function of said clip is to cause the bell crank extensions k2 of each group ,to rest snugly'against one another when operating conjointly or dependently.

p is the s ace key. p is a stop at the underside t0 Ilimit its downward movement.

The space key rests upon one or more of the adjacent key arms, so that through the vbell crank extension of such key arm, the space key may affect the movement of the slide c, as, and for v the purpose, hereinafter described. One of the bell crank extensions k2 of each group of keys is longer than the others. There are notches in the front edge of each of the bridging beams g of a number corresponding to and facing up with the arm of its 'particular group will engage in it respective notch in, bridging beam gi. If that notch be mid/way 1in said beamthe force of the blow on the key will be transferred to the short arm of the oscillator, partly throuf link g3 and partly through links g8 and g5.

the engagement with the beam g be nearest the link g, the major ortion of the force will be transferred throng i said link. If the contact with th'e beam g be in a notchnearer the link g8, the major part of the force will be transferred tothe oscillator through the link g8 and toggle link g5. The end keys of the key board are those which operate through the toggle-links last referred to, and since the` major part of the force applied thereby is transmitted to the extreme end of the short arm g2 greater leverage is secured. By this system of linka Te, corresponding keys on o posite sides of t e key board require not on y a'uniform pressure, but all the keys on one side of the key board may be operated by substantially the same ressure, or stroke.

I have not attempts to show`the articun .the type wheel is such that those characters which require the greatest rotation of the type wheel in order to bring them into printing position, are those characters which appear on the keys most removed from the center of the machine. This arran ement is employed because, when one of the eys most remote from the center is struck, the type wheel is operated mainly through the medium of the toggle lever system, which is connected with the extreme end of the short arm where the greatest leverage is availed of. lt is because these outer keys have more difficult work to perform, that this toggle arrangement has been devised. By this toggle arrangement 'a greater throw to the actuator is secured by the same stroke and depression given to any and all keys. The type wheel is actuated with positiveness and certainty no matter what key is struck, so long .as a substantially uniform force or stroke is employed.

The so-called bell crank extension of each` of the ke levers acts as a stop for .the purther depression of the key will cause t e oscillator and the associated parts, including i inde iendent action or for cumulative or deil Ipen ent action.

'5g`fvduring operation is held to its seat 'w by the J y y broad Support which center the oscillator the type wheel to make a forward movement brmgi' -ngv the particular Vtype selected into contact with t e paper on z ie platen.

-.r, r aretinking rolls respectively mounted inspring frameswhich cause said rolls to bear against the type face of the type wheel a v when the latter is advanced and rotated, l

thereby inking all of said type laces. v s is a type wheel centering pin which faces up in front of theftype whee so that when t e latter is advanced the piii will enter a perforation (not shown) in the peri )lieral Wall of the type-wheel adjacent to tlie selected ty e, thereby absolutely centering tlie same. 'lphis centering pin s is preferably mounted upon a stiff spring frame. Two of these ,centering pins ma be eniplo ed, one to center the type whee when in tie lower and middle positions, the other to center'the Wheel when in the upper position.

t is al bell .to warn the operator at the proper time that the. end of the line is about reached? t is the hammer therefor, t2 is an operating crank arm engaged by a projection on the carriage, which momentarily lifts and then releases the saine.

. u is a spring retainer for the type-wheel, the same being ivotally mounted on an upright u', in two iearings spaced a iart. Be tween these bearings the shank of tlie retainer has an offset bend as shown in Fig. 8, so that the upper end will-assuinc either one of the two ositions shown.

en it is desired to secure a woid space, the space-key p is depressed thus advancing slide c by pawl h to a suliicient de ree to force the carriage ahead one ste T 'c stop p will check the space key car y enough to p'event the type wheel from striking the aten.

as shown by the fact that the crawings are full size. Nearly all of the partsmay be made by simple and inexpensive processes so that the cost of the machine is very small. By the arrangement of the keys in grou s, the same are subordinated to cach other or y The linkage arrangement, though simple, i 'ef exceeding y effective, not only in the rep, lpects already enumerated, but also because 1,( ,iy said arrangement that short arm of the lioscillator which is serving as the fulcrum lf'same springs that return the key levers to their normal position When'iinger pressure j', ltheifeon, is removed. The seat wis prog iided with a double incline highest in the @o center, land each incline serves as a b earing or seat for that short arm q2, which normally rests thereon. These two earings furnish a effectively when in its idle position.

in the claims, to the link g* as a simple link", and to the link g:s asy a toggle link What I claim is:

l, In combination, a rotary type carrier, an oscillator cooperating therewith, means for stopping the rotation of the .said carrier at predetermined points, a sliding support for said parts and means for operating said parts, including a toggle link g5.

In combination, a rotary type carrier, an oscillator cooperating therewith, means for stopping the rotation of said carrier at predetermined oints, a sliding support for said parts an( means for operating. said paillts, including a ltoggle link and a simple 3. In combination, a rotary type carrier, an oscillator coperating therewith, means for stopping the rotation of said carrier at predetermined points, a sliding sup ort forV said arts, means for operating sai parts, including a toggle link and a simple link, and a bridging beam connecting said two links.

4.A In combination, a rotary type carrier, an oscillator coperating therewith, means for stopping the rotation of said carrier at predetermined points, a sliding support for said arts, means for operating said parts,` including a toggle link, a bridging beam con-v necting said two links, and a series of key levers including bell-crank extensions, said bell-crank extensions being arranged side by side and substantially parallel with said bridging beam.

5. In combination, a rotary type carrier, means for rotating' the same about its own axis and moving it laterally, said means including two banks of keys and link connections, and springs for each set of link c0nn nections to restore them to normal position, The construction is exceedingly compact v` and a rocking equalizer lever operatively connected wit i said springs.

6. In combination, a rotary type carrier, means for rotating the saine about its own, axis and moving it laterally, said means nections, springs for each set of link connections to restore theni to normal position, a rocking equalizer lever operatively connected with said springs, and means for varying the spring tension between said rocking lequalizer beam and said linkage. 7. In a type writer, a type wheel, means for rotatin the same on its own axis and moving it aterally, including an oscillator and a stop rack, said oscillator and stop rack moving bodily with said type wheel, a lever arm extension from said oscillator, and two separate link systems connectedl with said lever arm at different points from the axis of the oscillator, a bridging beam connecting said link4 systems, and a key 'lever' arranged to cooperate with said bridging beam and withsaid stop rack.

8. In a type writer, in combination, a

loo

including two banks of keys and link conkey lever arranged to cooperate wheel laterally,

rotary type wheel, an oscillator therefor, a' single means for rocking said oscillator and stopping the rotation of said type Wheel at predetermined points and moving said type and means intermediate said operatinglmeans and said oscillator, including two sets of links connected at different points away from the axis of the oscillator, one of said links being of the toggle type.

9; In a typewriter, a type wheel, means for rotating the saine on its own axis and moving it laterally, including an oscillator and a stop rack, said oscillator and stop rack moving bodily with said type wheel, a lever arm extension from said oscillator, two separate link systems connected with said lever,

' a bridging beam connecting said link systems,

and a key lever arranged to cooperate with said bridging beam vand with said stop rack. l0. In a type writer, a type wheel, means for rotating the same on its own axis and moving it laterally, including an oscillator anda stop rack, said oscillator and stop rack moving bodily with said type wheel, a lever arm extension from said oscillator, two separate link systems connected with said lever, one system including a toggle lever, a bridging beam connecting said link systems, and a with said bridging beam and with saidstop) rack.

'11. ln a type writer, in com ination, a rotary type Wheel, an oscillator therefor, operating means for rocking said oscillator and sto ping the rotation of said type Wheel at pre etermined points and inovmg said sesam' type,wheel laterally, said means including two sets of links connected at different points. away from theaxis of the oscillator. A l2. In a type writer,.a group of keyflever's of different lengths relatively subordinated to each other for dependent or in de endent action, said key levers having -be crank extensions, and a laterally extending cli carriedby the longest key lever of each group and arranged to' engage another key lever of the same group whenv the latter 1s depressed. 13. In a type Writer, a group ,of key levers of different lengths relatively subordinated to each other for dependent or in de endent action, said key levers having be crank extensions, and a laterally extending clip carried by the bell crank extension of the longest key lever and arranged to engage the bell crank extension ofanotherkey lever when the latter is depressed. l

14. In a type writer, a group of two or more key levers of diHerent lengths relatively subordinated to each other for dependent or independent action, said key levers each having a bell crank extension, a laterally extending clip carried by one bell crank extension arranged to engage the other bell crank extension when said levers are moved dependently.

y CHARLES ALMON BENNETT.

Witnesses:

LANGDQN MOORE, Cries. A. FEARD. 

